Parental Control Bar is a simple, powerful tool to help shield your children from explicit websites. Simply activate Child-Mode while your children surf the internet, and the toolbar will block access to adult-oriented websites. You can download the Parental Control bar from here.
The Edge browser is based on Chromium project and hence you get almost as good performance as Chrome and in fact it offers better features than Chrome browser.
If you are looking for other extensions, there are a few of them available for Chrome which will work on Edge browser as well. These include Parental Control, Blocksi, and Website blocker. These extensions help you specify the websites to block so that kids are not exposed to them.